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Feeding Experience
喂食经验
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猫咪饮食需注意的事项
Notices For Cat Diet
你是否观察过猫咪饮食时候的状况，猫咪饮食也要注意要定点、定时、定量。让猫咪从小养成良好的饮食习惯，主人在今后饲养猫咪的过程中会省掉不少麻烦。
Have you ever observed the status of your cat's diet？A place-fixed, time-limited and amount-cetained diet habit is a good habits hat can be developed from an early age. Then the owner will save a lot of troubles in the process of raising the cat in the future.那么，在猫咪饮食方面我们要注意些什么呢？
What should you pay attention to in cat’s diet?1、猫咪的食盘要固定使用，不能随便更换。猫对食盘的变换很敏感，有时会因换了食盘而拒食。要保持食盘的清洁，食盘底下可垫上报纸或塑料纸等，防止食盘滑动时的声响，而且也易于清扫。每次猫吃剩的食物要倒掉或收起来，待下次喂食时和新鲜食物混合煮熟后喂食。
The cat's food tray should be fixed and cannot be replaced casually. Cats are very sensitive to the change of food tray, and sometimes refuse to eat because of the changing. Keep the food tray clean. Newspapers or plastic paper can be placed under the tray to prevent the sound of tray sliding, and it is also easy to clean. Every time the leftover food should be discarded or put away to mix with fresh food in the next meal.2、喂食要定时定点。猫咪“开饭”的生物钟一旦形成，就比较固定，不应随意变更。放猫食的地方要固定，猫不喜欢在吵杂声中和强光照射的地方吃食，如果有客人来访，不要在猫吃食时让客人看你的猫，陌生人的出现，会大大降低猫的食欲。
Feed regularly at the fixed time. Once the cat's “ food biological clock” is formed, it is relatively fixed and should not be changed at will. The place for cat food should be fixed. Cats do not like to eat in the noisy and strong-light place. If a visitor comes, don’t let the guest look at your cat while it is eating as the appearance of strangers will greatly reduce the cat’s appetite.3、猫咪有用爪钩取食物或把食物叼到食盘外边吃的不良习惯。 一旦发现这种现象，要立即训练，使其改正。
Cats have a bad habit of picking food with claws or grabbing food out of the food tray. Once discovered, it is necessary to train and correct your cat immediately.4、猫咪喜食温热的食物。凉食、冷食不但影响猫的食欲，还易引起消化功能紊乱。一般情况下，食物的温度以30～40度为宜，从冰箱内取出的食物，要加热后再喂。
Cats like warm food. Cold food not only affect the cat's appetite, but also easily cause digestive disorders. Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the food is preferably 30 to 40 degrees. Food taken out of the refrigerator should be heated before feeding.5、猫咪虽然饮水不多，但一定要备有充足的清洁饮水。猫饮用水必须是清水，而且每天都要换水。饮水盆可放在食盘一侧，以便猫口渴时自由饮用。
Though cats don't drink water too much, you still should provide enough clean drinking water. Cat drinking water must be clean and changed every day. The water basin can be placed on the side of the food tray so that cats can drink freely when they are thirsty.6、随时注意观察猫咪的食欲。影响猫食欲的原因很多，主要有饲料、环境和疾病三大原因。如果猫的食物单一、不新鲜，或者食物的气味、浓度、味道不对胃口等，猫会拒食。如果把猫饲料调配得花样多一些、适口性好些，能使猫咪始终保持很高的食欲。另外，食物的味道不要太淡，也不要太咸，猫咪喜吃甜食或有鱼腥味的食物。强光、喧闹、有陌生人在场或有其他动物干扰等均可影响猫的食欲。若这两个因素都改善了，猫的食欲仍不好转，那可能是猫生病了，这时要及时请兽医诊断。
Observe the cat's appetites at any time. There are many reasons that affect cats' appetites, mainly including feedstuff, environment and diseases. If the cat's food is single and not fresh, or if the food's smell, concentration and taste are not right, the cat will refuse to eat. If the cat food is prepared with more ingredients and better palatability, the cat can always maintain a high appetite. In addition, the food should not be too light or too salty as cats like sweet or fishy foods. Strong light, noise, presence of strangers or interference from other animals can affect the cat's appetite. If both of these factors have been eliminated and the cat’s appetite is still not enhancing, ask the veterinarian for a diagnosis as you cat may get sick. -
迷你雪纳瑞饮食需要注意哪些方面？
Feeding Tips for Mini Schnauzer
迷你雪纳瑞不能吃什么水果？
What kind of fruits Mini Schnauzer can't eat?科学研究发现，不适合给雪纳瑞吃的水果主要有：芒果、菠萝、桂圆、荔枝、杨梅等，这些水果可能会导致雪纳瑞出现过敏症；西瓜吃多了容易造成小雪腹泻；此外，葡萄含有很高的糖分对小雪身体不利，而且给小雪吃葡萄容易食物中毒。
Scientific researches have found that the main fruits that are not suitable for Schnauzer include mango, pineapple, longan, lychee, waxberry, etc., which may cause Schnauzer allergic; Too much watermelon is likely to cause diarrhea and grapes contain a lot of sugars and may bring food poisoning, which is bad for Schnauzer's health.针对不同的水果，雪纳瑞可以饮食的情况也不一样。例如，香蕉含蔗糖促进肠道中益菌比菲德氏菌增加，帮助肠道蠕动，适合便秘的小雪吃；苹果含有丰富的食物纤维、果胶对体内排除毒素有功效，也可以给小雪适量的饮食。此外，甘蔗糖分高，也不适合给小雪吃；芭乐、番石榴等反而容易造成小雪便秘，不建议给雪纳瑞吃。
For different fruits, Schnauzer should eat in different situations. For example, banana contains sucrose to promote the increase of bifidobacterium in the intestinal tract and enhance intestinal peristalsis, suitable for Schnauzer with constipation; apples are rich in dietary fibers and pectin effective in eliminating toxins in the body, which Schnauzer can also eat a little bit. In addition, sugar cane has a high sugar content which is not suitable for Schnauzer; guava are more likely to cause Schnauzer constipation.从科学的角度来说，水果中含有丰富的维生素和维他命C，若大量、长期地给雪纳瑞食用，就容易导致动物尿液酸化，这样反而容易导致小雪出现尿路结石的问题。
From a scientific point of view, fruits are rich in vitamins and vitamin C. If eaten in large quantities for a long period of time, it will easily lead to acidification of animal urine, which may cause the urinary tract stones of Schnauzer.雪纳瑞也跟人一样，为了发育和维持健康，必须有蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物等3大营养素。以小型犬来说，其每1公斤体重的必要量有90千卡；而50公斤的大型犬则每1公斤要49千卡，所以体重越重则每1公斤的必要量要渐次减少，而且小狗要比其成犬大2倍的热量，这是为了配合短期间成长的需要。
Schnauzer, same as humans, must intake three major nutrients, protein, fat, and carbohydrate, in order to develop and maintain health. For small breeds, the necessary amount per kilogram of body weight is 90 kilocalories; for large dogs of 50 kilograms, it requires 49 kilocalories per kilogram. The heavier the weight, the necessary amount per 1 kilogram gradually decreases and puppies need 2 times heat than the adult dogs to meet the growth demands in a short period.此外，迷你雪纳瑞积食容易肥胖，蛋白质在狗的体内被分解成胺基酸，对爱犬的各种脏器，肌肉，血液，骨骼，被毛，皮肤，趾爪等的组织颇有注益。脂肪一旦进入体内将会长时间停于消化器官而给予饱满感，给予过多的脂肪而又运动量持续不足时，所积存的脂肪将变成肥胖的原因。
In addition, the mini-Schnauzer is prone to be obese. The proteins are decomposed into amino acids in the dog's body which are beneficial for differernt organs, muscle, blood, bone, hair, skin and claws. Once the fats enter the body, it will stop in the digestive organs for a long time and give a sense of fullness. When too much fats are given and the amount of exercises is insufficient, the accumulated fats will become the cause of obesity.除了蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物之外，对狗的身体上不可缺少的是矿物质和维他命，如果矿物质和维他命不足，会影响爱犬骨骼的发育以及其对疾病的抵抗力。若雪纳瑞以犬粮为主，则很少出现营养不良的情况。如果经常自制狗粮，那就要注意一下营养搭配，比如一定有肉类、谷物、粗粮这样的食物搭配，以满足蛋白质和碳水化合物的要求。
Except protein, fat and carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins are indispensable to the dog's body. The insufficient minerals and vitamins will affect the development of dog bones and their resistance to disease. If Schnauzer feed on formulated dog foods, malnutrition rarely occurs. If you often make dog food by yourself, you should pay attention to the nutritional mix. For example, there must be ingredients such as meats, cereals and roughage to meet the requirements of proteins and carbohydrates. -
狗狗过于肥胖怎么办？
What To Do If My Dog Is Obese?
首先，了解宠物狗变肥胖的原因所在：
Firstly, understand why your dog become obese:1、品种原因。小型犬中的吉娃娃、短毛腊肠，以及斗牛等犬种容易发胖；
For certain breeds such as chihuahuas, short-haired dachshunds, and bullfights among small dogs tend to gain weight;2、喂食过度和营养不均衡都容易造成肥胖。目前一些宠物食品含有过高的盐份和脂肪，这些美味可导致犬进食无度而日渐肥胖；
Overfeeding and imbalanced nutrition can easily cause obesity. Some pet foods currently contain high levels of salts and fats, which induce dogs to eat excessively and become obese;3、缺乏运动。由于条件限制，目前很多狗养在公寓，运动极少，特别是大龄犬，往往都是运动量不足而导致肥胖；
Lack of exercise. Due to limited conditions, many dogs are currently kept in apartments with very little exercises. Especially elder dogs often become obese due to insufficient exercise;4、疾病引起。有些病如犬体内分泌失调代谢异常、甲状腺、肾上腺功能异常等都会引发肥胖。还有最常见的现象是将家中日常三餐吃剩的的饭菜和饼干零食喂狗，也是狗肥胖的重要原因。
Caused by diseases. Some diseases such as endocrinological diseases, metabolic disorder, abnormal thyroid and adrenal function, etc. can cause obesity. The most common situation is to feed leftover meals and biscuit snacks to the dogs, which is also an important cause of obesity.那么，怎么样才知道狗狗已经肥胖了呢?
So, how could I inspect whether my dog is already fat?所谓肥胖就是指狗的体重已超出正常范围，检测狗是否超重，一是日常观察，感觉到狗比过去有明显肥胖；二是参考各品种狗的有关体重资料；三可以触摸狗的胸部两侧，假如能轻易感觉皮层下的肋骨是正常，如果感到有一层厚脂肪需用力才能摸到肋骨，则是肥胖超重了。另外还可去宠物医院让兽医鉴定。
The so-called obesity refers to that the dog's weight has exceeded the normal rang. You can detect whether the dog is overweight by these tips. One is daily observation. You feel the dog is significantly more obese than in the past; Second is to check the relevant weight data of various breeds of dogs; Third is that you can touch the sides of the dog's chest. If you can easily feel that the ribs under the cortex, that’s normal. If you feel that there is a thick layer of fats that requires force to touch the ribs, your dog is obese and overweight. In addition, you can go to the pet hospital for veterinary identification.爱犬的肥胖和人类的肥胖一样，严重肥胖也会引发许多疾病问题，超重会缩短狗的寿命，并会引发如心衰竭、糖尿病、高血压、骨骼毛病和关节炎、高血脂症、脂肪肝、皮肤病等。而且当体重超过正常状态的比例值愈高，引发上述疾病的机率也就越高，所以宠物主在日常一定严加注意。
Dog obesity is the same as human obesity, which can cause many disease problems. Overweight can shorten the lifespan of dogs and cause heart failure, diabetes, high blood pressure, skeletal problems, arthritis, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver , skin diseases, etc. The higher the proportion of weight over normal state, the higher the probability of the above-mentioned diseases. Therefore, pet owners must pay careful attention on dog’s weight in daily life.治疗狗狗肥胖的关键是降低狗对食物中热量的摄取，并同时增加运动量，增加身体能量的消耗。所以平时最好以高纤维、低脂肪、低热量的食物喂养爱犬，喂养要定时、定量，除了训练，不要喂犬吃零食。制定执行有效和定时的运动计划，平时多带狗出去散步溜达，定时给爱犬检查身体和听从兽医的建议。
The key to treat dog’s obesity is to reduce the dog's intakes of calories in diets, and at the same time increase the amount of exercises to consume the body energy. Therefore, it is best to feed dogs with high-fiber, low-fat, low-calorie foods at a limited-time and a certain amount. No training, no snacks. Formulate and execute effective and regular exercise plans. Walk your dog and check the dog’s health regularly and follow the advices of the veterinarian. -
宠物初养喂食指南
Pets Feeding Guides For Beginner
如果你已经找到了适合的宠粮，那么你离给宠物提供最健康的生活方式又近了一步。
Once you’ve found the best pet food for your pet, you’re on the right track to providing the healthiest life possible.合适的喂养量和时间间隔是非常重要的，同时也可能非常棘手，因为每只宠物的喂食要求都不尽相同。罐头或包装袋上的喂食指南只是一个起点。根据定期监测宠物的身体状况及时调整喂养量对宠物的健康至关重要。
It’s important to feed your pet the right amount of food at proper intervals, but that can be tricky, as feeding requirements vary greatly from one pet to another. Feeding guides on the food can or bag are just a starting point. It’s critical to your pet’s health that his physical condition be monitored regularly and the feeding amount be adjusted as needed.咨询你的兽医以下三种喂养方式哪一种最适合你的宠物：
Ask your veterinarian which of these three feeding methods is best for your pet:自由采食：随时为你的宠物提供食物。
Free Choice: Food is available to your pet at all times.定时喂养：为你的宠物在固定时间段内提供食物。
Time-Limited Feeding: Food is available to your pet for a limited time.定量喂养：每天在特定膳食时间，为你的宠物提供定量食物。
Meal Feeding: A measured amount of food is available to your pet at specific meal times each day.如果你有一只幼宠，希望它健康长大，我们建议你遵循以下几个简单步骤：
If you have a young pet, you want it to grow up healthy, we recommend following the simple steps in this cycle:1、给幼宠称重；
Weigh your young pet.2、根据喂食指南和兽医建议喂食；
Feed him based on feeding guide and veterinary recommendations.3、前六个月内每隔2-3周要做一次身体状况评估；
If you have a young pet, evaluate its physical condition every two to three weeks for the first six months.4、相应地调整喂养量。
Adjust the amount you feed accordingly.对于大于6个月的幼宠，我们建议你或你的兽医每几个月评估一次它的身体状况。针对一些特殊幼宠，你的兽医可能会建议更加频繁的身体状况评估。
For young pets, after the first six months, we suggest that you or your veterinarian evaluate your young pet's physical condition every few months. For some young pets, your veterinarian may suggest more frequent evaluations.
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Ingredients and Nutrition
食材与营养
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佩特宝臻选食材
Selected Premium Ingredients
鸡肉 Chicken
佩特宝选用散养鸡鸡肉，鸡肉属于高蛋白低脂肪的食材，消化吸收率高。鸡肉中含有的丰富胶质蛋白能够被机体迅速吸收和利用，并对皮肤有较好的保护作用。 同时，鸡肉也是磷、铁、铜、锌等营养素的良好来源，并且富含维生素B12、维生素B6、维生素A、维生素D、维生素K等，给机体提供均衡营养。
As a high-protein and low-fat ingredient, chicken is highly quick to be absorbed. With rich glial proteins which can be absorbed and utilized rapidly to protect pet skin, chicken is also a good resource for phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin K that provide the balanced nutrition for your pet.鸭肉 Duck
特别选用散养鸭，鸭子多以水生物为食物，其肉性寒味甘。有效改善因燥火引起的眼屎过多、粪便干燥等情况。同时鸭肉还能健胃生津，改善食欲不振，缓解犬只夏季少食或不食状况。鸭肉的营养价值很高，蛋白质含量比畜肉高得多，而鸭肉的脂肪含量适中，特别是鸭肉中的脂肪酸主要是不饱和脂肪酸，对健康有益。
Duck, lives on aquatic organisms so that its meat is cold in property and sweet in flavor. Duck can relieve overmuch eye gums or constipation caused by dryness-heat. Meantime duck is good for invigorating stomach and producing salivas to alleviate inappetence and anorexia of dogs in summer. High content of proteins and moderate content of fats, especially the unsaturated fatty acids of duck, are beneficial to dog health.黑毛猪 Ibericos
黑毛猪是以圈养方式散放到林区，自由采食春草、谷物或稻杆育成。由于其活动范围大、运动量高、食物来源广泛且原生态，黑毛猪对比白猪有更高的肌肉率和更低脂肪含量。黑毛猪肌肉纤维较多，口感细腻，并含有丰富的铁元素、蛋白质、维生素和亚麻酸，有益于维持正常的视觉功能、皮肤健康和强健的体质。
Ibericos, black hair pigs, are raised in forest districts and freely fed with spring grasses, corns or rice straws. With a large range to live and exercise, they eat a variety of natural foods so that compared with white pigs, ibericos contain more muscles but low fats, more muscle fibers and taste more delicate. Moreover, iberico, rich in iron, proteins, vitamins and linolenic acids, is beneficial to maintain visual function, skin health and strong body.牛肉 Beef
牛肉含有丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸和维生素B6，能提高机体抗病能力，增强免疫力，促进蛋白质的新陈代谢和合成，对生长发育等方面特别适宜。寒冬食牛肉，有暖胃作用，为寒冬补益佳品。
Beef with rich proteins, amino acids and vitamin B6 can improve the body's disease resistance, enhance immunity, promote protein metabolism and synthesis, especially suitable for growth and development. Beef in cold winter is a good supplement with the effect of warming the stomach.羊肉 Lamb
羊肉也属于红肉，红肉的氨基酸种类较其他肉类更接近生物机体的氨基酸需要，是一种较易吸收的蛋白质来源。羊肉性热、味甘，肉质细腻，尤其秋冬吃羊肉可增强血液循环，保护胃壁，增加消化酶分泌，帮助食物消化，是御寒的优质肉类来源。
Lamb is also red meat, of which the amino acid types are closer to the amino acid needs of the biological body than other meats. It is a relatively easy-to-absorb protein source. As a source of high-quality meat for cold protection, lamb is hot, sweet, and delicate in flesh, which can enhance blood circulations, protect the stomach walls, increase the digestive enzyme secretions to digest food .三文鱼 Salmon
三文鱼中含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸，还含有糖类和多种维生素，富含磷酸盐、钙质及维生素A、维生素D，对机体的生长发育十分有益。其中所含的虾青素是一种非常强力的抗氧化剂，可以保持皮肤弹性光滑。三文鱼蛋白含量高，可以提高免疫力，具有很高的营养价值，享有“水中珍品”的美誉。
Salmon with rich unsaturated fatty acids contain sugars and various vitamins including the phosphates, calcium and vitamins A and D, which are beneficial to the growth and development of the body. The astaxanthin contained is a very powerful antioxidant that keeps the skin elastic and smooth. The rich protein content of high nutritional values can improve immunity. Above all, salmon is prized as the "Treasure In Water".吞拿鱼 Tuna
吞拿鱼也叫金枪鱼。蛋白质含量高达20%，但脂肪含量很低，营养价值高。鱼肉中脂肪酸大多为不饱和脂肪酸，所含氨基酸齐全，还含有微生素、丰富的铁、钾、钙、碘等多种矿物质和微量元素。金枪鱼中DHA被人们称之谓脑黄金，是大脑和中枢神经系统发育必需的营养素。EPA又称OMEGA3，是金枪鱼所特有的营养物质，能让皮肤柔嫩，增亮毛色。
Tuna, also called Maguro contain high protein content around 20%, but the low fat content. Most of the fatty acids in tuna are unsaturated fatty acids, which contain a full range of amino acids, and also various minerals and trace elements such as micro-biotin, rich iron, potassium, calcium, iodine and so on. DHA in tuna is called “Brain Gold”, which is an essential nutrient for the development of the brain and central nervous system. EPA, also known as OMEGA3, is a unique nutrient of tuna, which can soften the skin and brighten the hair color.沙丁鱼 Sardine
沙丁鱼富有惊人的营养价值，富含磷脂即OMEGA-3脂肪酸、蛋白质和钙。沙丁鱼中的磷脂对于大脑发育具有促进的有利作用，同时，沙丁鱼的鱼骨中含有大量的钙质，鱼肉中富含的丰富矿物质都有助于宠物成长所需。
Sardines with amazing nutritional values, are rich in phospholipids, namely OMEGA-3 fatty acids, proteins and calcium. Phospholipids in sardine have a beneficial effect on brain development. Meanwhile, the bones of sardines contain a lot of calcium, and the fleshes contain rich minerals that are helpful for pets’ growth.蓝莓 Blueberry
蓝莓果实中含有丰富的营养成分，具有防止脑神经老化、保护视力、增强机体免疫等功能，营养成分高。其中，由于蓝莓富含花青素，具有活化视网膜功效，可以强化视力，是世界粮农组织推荐的五大健康水果之一。
Blueberry is rich in nutrients which can prevent brain nerve aging, protect eyesight and enhance body immunity, etc. As for the high nutrients, blueberry is rich in anthocyanins, which have the effect of activating the retina and strengthening eyesight. It is prized as one of the five healthy fruits recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization.苹果 Apple
苹果是一种常见且营养物质丰富的水果。除了维生素、矿物质等营养素外，苹果中含有的丰富果酸，能刺激肠胃蠕动，将体内堆积的毒素及时排出体外，优化肠胃内环境，维持正常的肠胃功能，提升消化力。苹果含有丰富的矿物质锌，锌参与多种酶的合成，而酶在机体消化代谢中扮演着重要的角色，有助维持身体健康。
Apple is a kind of common and nutrient fruit. In addition to vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, an apple contains rich fruit acids, which can stimulate gastrointestinal peristalsis, eliminate toxins from the body in time, optimize the environment of intestinal tract, maintain the normal function of intestines and stomach to digest. Apple is rich in mineral zinc, which participates in enzyme synthesis. Enzyme is essential in digestion and metabolism to maintain a healthy body.雪梨 Pear
雪梨味甘性寒，含苹果酸、柠檬酸、维生素B1、B2、维生素C、胡萝卜素等营养元素，还富含钾、碳水化合物、镁、钙、磷、纤维素、钠、维生素、蛋白质、铁和锌等物质。有助于补充微量元素，也可美容，有润肺清燥、清热化痰之效，特别适合夏热秋燥的季节食用。
With sweet taste and cool nature, a pear contains malic acids, citric acids, Vitamins B1, Vitamins B2, Vitamin C, carotene and other nutrients. It is also rich in potassium, carbohydrates, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, cellulose, sodium, vitamins, proteins, iron and zinc and other substances which can supplement the trace elements for pet and also moisten the lungs, clear the heat and reduce phlegm, especially in summer and autumn.羊奶 Goat Milk
羊奶较之牛奶有更低的酪蛋白和更高的乳清蛋白。酪蛋白在胃酸的作用下可形成较大凝固物，其含量越高蛋白质消化越低，所以羊奶蛋白质的消化率高，可有效预防消化不良造成的腹泻概率。而乳清蛋白属于完全蛋白，含有机体代谢所需的蛋白质，能激活机体免疫系统，增强机体免疫力。另外，羊奶的脂肪颗粒小，多为短链不饱和脂肪酸，能呈现良好的乳化状态，易吸收。
Goat milk features in lower casein which can form large coagulum under the action of gastric acids to reduce the diarrhea caused by dyspepsia, and higher whey protein which can activate and strengthen the organism immunity as a complete protein containing all proteins needed by organism metabolism when compared to common milk. Besides, small fat granules of goat milk, mostly as short-chain unsaturated fatty acids present good emulsion state and are easy to be absorbed.乳酪 Cheese
乳酪制品是食物补钙的最佳选择，是含钙最多的奶制品，并且这些钙很容易吸收。乳酪能增进机体低抗疾病的能力，促进代谢，增强活力，保护眼睛健康并保持肌肤光泽。乳酸菌及其代谢产物有一定的保健作用，有利于维持肠道内正常菌群的稳定和平衡。
Cheese are the best choice for calcium supplementation as they are richest in calcium. These calcium are easily absorbed to improve the body's ability to resist diseases, promote metabolism, enhance vitality, protect eye health and maintain skin shine. Lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites are conducive to maintain the stability and balance of the normal floras in the intestine. -
幼猫的营养特殊需求
Special Nutritional Requirements of Kittens
幼猫在成长过程中经历两段时期，首先是生长非常快速的生长期，继而是性成熟期。在这两段时期都需要有适当的营养才能使幼猫成长为健康强壮的成猫。
The kittens go through two periods during their growth. The first is the fast growing period, and then the period of sexual maturity. In both periods, proper nutrition is required to enable kittens to grow into healthy and strong adult cats.快速生长期：2月龄至6月龄
Fast growing period: First 2 months to 6 months幼猫断奶后就进入快速生长期，快速生长期持续到幼猫达6月龄时。在这段时间内，幼猫需要营养均衡、同时蛋白质及热量都较高的优质食物，供应快速生长所需要的各种营养和能量。以单位体重所需的能量来看，快速生长期幼猫所需的能量是成猫的二倍，但幼猫嘴小、牙齿小、胃也小，因此无法在一餐之中吃掉并消化足量的食物。所以断奶后到六月龄的幼猫一天必需至少吃三餐。因为幼猫需要大量的营养和热能，所以幼猫必需食用特殊配方，如佩特宝全禽＆初乳幼猫粮。这类优质幼猫粮的特点是以肉类为主要的原料，同时非常容易消化，含有大量营养素，能满足幼猫的特殊营养需求。
After weaning, a kitten enters a rapid growth period, which continues until the kitten reaches 6 months of age. During this period, kittens need premium food with balanced nutrition and high proteins and calories, supplying various nutrients and energy needed for rapid growth. Judging from the energy required per unit weight, the energy required for a kitten during rapid growth is twice that of an adult cat. Due to its small mouth, small teeth and small stomach, kitten cannot eat and digest enough food in one meal. Therefore, feed them at least three meals a day from the weaning to 6 months old. As kittens need a lot of nutrients and energies, they must eat specially formulated food such as PetaBol Poultry & Colostrum kitten recipe which is characterized by meat as the main ingredients and good digestion rate, containing a lot of nutrients to meet the special nutritional needs of kittens.快速成熟期：6月龄到12月龄
Rapid maturity: 6 months to 12 months当幼猫经过快速生长期而达到类似成猫的体型时，对营养的需求又有不同。六月龄以后的猫，生长速度开始变慢，活动量也会稍微减低，这时他们每餐的食量较大，所以可以减少每天用餐的次数。虽然这时猫的体型很像成猫，但是多少仍会长大一些。许多猫主人在猫达到性成熟期时都会给猫吃不同的食物，事实上，猫咪喜欢吃优质干猫粮。这时可以在干猫粮上添加一点营养丰富的猫罐头食品，以符合他们因生长速度较慢所产生不同的营养需求。
After a rapid growth, kittens look like an adult cat and have different nutritional requirements. After six months age , the growth rate of cats will start to slow down, and the amount of activities will also be slightly reduced. At this time, as food intakes for each meal is larger, it’s necessary to reduce the number of meals per day. Although the kitten's body shape is very similar to that of an adult cat, it will still grow up somewhat. Many cat owners give cats different foods when they reach sexual maturity. In fact, cats like to eat premium dry food. Certainly some nutritious canned food can be added to meet their different nutritional requirements due to the slower growth rate.由幼猫粮转换为成猫粮
Change from kitten food to adult food猫咪达到一岁时，需换吃特别为成猫所调配的成猫粮，成猫不再需要幼猫粮所提供的大量热能和大量的营养素。切记在更换宠物食品时应遵循同一规则：在5-7日内逐渐掺换。在这段更换饲粮的时期，应特别注意监控猫的体重，随时依猫的体重调节喂饲量。大多数猫都会依本身所需的热能而食定量的食物，所以可以用任食法喂饲。但若只在室内活动的猫，因活动量不大，所以任食法可能造成过重的问题;因而可以采用每日二次定量喂食的方式，以免猫咪过胖。
When a cat is one-year-old, please change to specially formulated adult food as for now cats no longer need the large amount of energies and nutrients provided by kitten food. Remember to follow the same rules when changing food: gradually mix in 5-7 days. During the period of changing food, special attention should be paid to monitor the cat’s weight and adjust the feeding amount accordingly at any time. As most cats will eat a certain amount of food according to the heat energies they need, it’s cool to let them intake freely. However, if the cat only moves indoors, because of the low amount of activities, the freely-intake method may cause overweight problems. Therefore, the quantitative feeding method of twice a day can be used to avoid cats being obese.避免喂食人用食物
Avoid feeding human foods给幼猫食用人用食物会造成不必要的困扰行为，例如造成他们乞求食物或偷取食物的坏习性。喂饲家庭烹煮的食物、或以成猫粮（尤其是减重猫粮）喂饲幼猫、或在完全均衡的猫粮内额外添加维生素等营养补充物，都可能造成营养失调的结果。
Feeding human foods for kittens can cause unnecessary distressing behaviors, such as begging for food or stealing food. Home-cooked foods, adult cat food (especially weight-loss cat food), or adding nutritional supplements for a fully balanced cat food all can cause malnutrition.幼猫所需的营养
Nutrition For Kittens猫是绝对的肉食动物，必须获取只有肉类才含有的营养成份。例如，猫的食物中若缺乏足量的牛磺酸（一种猫的必需氨基酸，只有动物肉类才含有），会造成猫咪生长迟缓、失明、心脏病、繁殖障碍等问题。幼猫和成猫必需随时有大量新鲜清洁的饮水，同时也必需定时带到兽医院做定期检查，以保持身心健康，维持最佳状况。
As an absolute carnivore, cats must obtain the nutrients of meat. For example, insufficient taurine (an essential amino acid for cats, only contained in animal meat) of cat food can cause problems such as growth retardation, blindness, heart disease, and reproduction disorders. Kittens and adult cats must have plenty of fresh and clean drinking water at any time. Take them to the veterinary hospital for regular inspections to maintain physical and mental health. -
狗狗成长所需营养
Nutrients for Dog’s Growth
蛋白质 Protein
用于肌肉和骨骼的生长及发育，修复身体其它组织，它还用于产生抗体、酶和激素。
Protein is good for the growth and development of muscles and bones, repairing other tissues of the body, and is also used to produce antibodies, enzymes and hormones.碳水化合物 Carbohydrate
是葡萄糖代谢产物，是身体组织所需能量的主要来源。脂肪可吸收、储存及运输维生素，保持皮肤毛发的湿润度，增加食物适口性并在葡萄糖能源不可用时进行能量供给。
As a metabolite of glucose, carbohydrate is the main source of energy required by body tissues. Fat can absorb, store and transport vitamins, maintain the moisture of skin and hair, increase food palatability and provide energy when glucose is not available.维生素和矿物质 Vitamins and Minerals
主要是参与肌肉生长，伤口愈合，促进骨骼生长，维持神经系统功能，新陈代谢平衡和身体液态平衡。
Mainly involving in muscle growth, vitamins and minerals can heal the wound and promote bone growth, maintaining nervous system function, metabolic balance and body liquid balance.幼犬与成犬的营养区别：
Nutritional difference between puppy and adult dog:幼犬的成长发育非常快，所以它们与成犬的营养需求非常不同。蛋白质，是肌肉和骨骼生长中不可或缺的重要成分。幼犬食品中的蛋白质含量通常比成犬的要高很多，还提供骨骼生长和发育所需的适当数量的钙，磷和矿物质。
Puppies grow very fast so that they have need different nutritional requirements from adult dogs. Protein is an indispensable important component for muscle and bone growth. The protein content of puppies' food is usually much higher than that of adult dogs, and it also contains the proper amount of calcium, phosphorus and minerals needed for bone growth and development.老年犬与年轻犬的营养区别：
Nutritional difference between elder dog and young dog:随着年龄的增长，对蛋白质的代谢速度降低，老年犬与年轻犬相比，对蛋白质的需求大大提高，蛋白质的摄入不足会导致肌肉老损和神经系统的损坏。
The metabolic rate of protein decreases with age. Compared with young dogs, the demand for protein of elderly dogs is greatly increasing. Insufficient protein intake will cause damages to muscle and the nervous system.狗狗的营养需求在它生命的不同阶段都不一样，但是它对良好营养的需求却从末改变。为它们选择一款合适的狗粮产品是非常重要的。
The nutritional requirements of a dog are various at different life stages. However, demand for good nutrition never change. It is very important to choose a suitable dog food for them.老年犬的营养需求与年龄相关，器官功能和慢性健康问题影响身体状况，最良好的身体状况就是不胖也不瘦。但老年犬的体重通常会增加，因为它们的新陈代谢速度降低而活动量减少了。但有一些犬随着年龄的增加体重会下降，那是因为由于慢性健康问题（如牙科疾病、癌症、心脏病和许多其他疾病）或视力下降、嗅觉和味觉迟钝而造成食物摄入量下降。有一些老年犬胃口不错，但体重仍然下降，这是因为它们不能有效消化食物，吸收营养物质。
The nutritional needs of elder dogs are age-related as the organ function and chronic health problems affect the physical condition. The best physical condition is neither fat nor thin. However, the weight of elderly dogs usually increases because of the low metabolic rate and the less activities. However, some dogs will lose weight with age, due to the decreased food intakes caused by chronic health problems (such as dental diseases, cancer, heart disease and many other diseases) or vision loss, baryodmia and amblygeustia. Some elder dogs with a good appetite still lose weight because they cannot effectively digest and absorb nutrients. -
深海鱼油
Deep Sea Fish Oil
鱼油是Omega-3的最佳来源，Omega-3可以防止毛发干燥脱落，促进新毛发的生长，帮助宠物恢复自然的毛色。深海中的鱼体内含有EPA、DHA含量极高，鱼油对于宠物多种疾病如肿瘤、心脑血管疾病以及免疫功能失调所引起的一些疾病有着明显的防治作用，还可以润滑保护关节。
Fish oil is the best source of Omega-3. Omega-3 can prevent the hair from drying out, promote the growth of new hair, and restore the natural hair color. Deep-sea fishes contain extremely high levels of EPA and DHA. Fish oil has obvious preventive and therapeutic effects on many diseases such as tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and immune dysfunction of pet and also can lubricate and protect pets’ joints.深海鱼油中的DHA成分是一种特殊的不饱和脂肪酸，是大脑细胞形成、发育及运作不可缺少的物质基础。在脑部的“神经元突起细胞”中含有大量的DHA成分，使得脑部的神经传导物质能比较容易传达正确的讯息。因此DHA所扮演的角色是：促进、协调神经回路传导作用，以维持脑部细胞的正常运作，从而增强集中力、记忆力、注意力。
DHA of deep-sea fish oil is a special unsaturated fatty acid, which is the indispensable material basis for the formation, development and operation of brain cells. The "neuronal protrusion cells" in the brain contain a large amount of DHA components, so that the neurotransmitters can easily convey the correct message. Therefore, the role of DHA is to promote and coordinate the conduction of neural circuits to maintain the normal operation of brain cells, thereby enhancing concentration, memory and attention.深海鱼油中的EPA成分也是另一种特殊的不饱和脂肪酸，是有益于血液循环的保护因子。EPA可协助清除附着于血管壁上的胆固醇与硬化斑，降低血液中胆固醇水平，有助于保持血液畅通流动，抑制不正常血液凝集。
EPA of deep-sea fish oil is also another special unsaturated fatty acid, which is a protective factor beneficial to blood circulation. EPA can remove cholesterol and plaques attached to the walls of blood vessels, reduce cholesterol levels of the blood, keep blood flowing smoothly, and inhibit abnormal blood clotting.EPA和DHA还具有抗炎活性，当机体摄入的Ω-6-脂肪酸（植物油中通常大量含有）过多而Ω-3-脂肪酸不足时，机体就会产生一些化学物质导致炎性反应。深海鱼油中的EPA与DHA则可以平衡过多的Ω-6-脂肪酸，因此鱼油对于改善各种炎症有特殊功效。
EPA and DHA also have anti-inflammatory effect. When intakes too much omega-6-fatty acids (which are usually contained in large amounts in vegetable oils) and insufficient omega-3-fatty acids, the body produces some chemicals that cause inflammatory reactions. EPA and DHA of deep-sea fish oil can balance too much omega-6-fatty acids to ease the various inflammations.深海鱼油的原料来源有四种，分别是野生三文鱼、人工三文鱼、杂鱼，如柴鱼、沙丁鱼，杂鱼加豆油。其中三文鱼的油质效果最好，佩特宝产品中特别添加营养价值最高的三文鱼鱼油，对宠物的健康成长大有裨益。
There are four sources of deep-sea fish oil, which are wild salmon, artificial salmon, and trash fish, such as carp, sardines, trash fish plus soybean oil, among which, the oil quality of salmon is the best. PetaBol foods with salmon oil of the highest nutritional values are beneficial to the healthy growth of pets.
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Daily Care
日常护理
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狗狗流泪过多如何处理？
How To Deal With Excessive Tears Of Dogs?
当狗狗流泪时，睁着水汪汪的眼睛看着你，是不是很心疼呢？那么狗狗流泪怎么办呢？下面给大家介绍一下狗狗流泪的护理办法。
You must feel distressed when your dog is weeping and looking at you with watery eyes. So what to do if the dog is crying? Let me introduce to you how to care for dog’s eyes.1、做好对眼睛的保养 Take care of dog’s eyes
每天检查犬的眼睛并清除眼角内的粘液和异物。犬的眼角内经常会有异物，用温水浸湿的棉球轻敷眼角来清除，不要直接用棉花擦拭，因为棉花纤维可能会损伤眼睛。冲洗眼部异物或脱落毛发最好的办法是用犬类专用眼液。这种药液不但能清洁眼部，而且可治疗轻度炎症或传染病。稍稍抬起犬的头部，翻开下眼睑并滴入药液，然后用干棉球吸掉流到眼角的多余药液。
Check your dog's eyes daily and clean out mucus and foreign objects. There are often foreign objects in the corners of the dog's eyes and use a cotton ball soaked in warm water to gently remove them. Do not wipe directly with cotton because cotton fibers may damage the eyes. The best way to flush out foreign bodies or shed hairs is to use canine eye drops which can not only clean the eyes, but also treat mild inflammation or infectious diseases. Uplift the dog's head slightly, open the lower eyelid and drip the liquid medicine, and then use a dry cotton ball to suck up the excess medicine that flows to the corner of the eyes.白色和浅色犬，尤其是宠物犬，其眼睛周围的毛发时常会被泪腺分泌的粘液所污染这种分泌液使毛发呈难看的红棕色，如果过多会造成黑眼圈。眼泪过多由多种因素造成遗传过敏、忽视脸部护理、泪腺疾病、不合理的饮食、结膜炎或牙痛等，兽医能诊断眼泪过多的原因并控制它。
For white and light-colored dogs, especially pet dogs, the hair around their eyes are often contaminated with mucus secreted by the tear glands and look unsightly red-brown and even in dark circles if too much. Excessive tears are caused by various factors such as genetic allergy, neglection of facial care, lacrimal gland diseases, unreasonable diet, conjunctivitis or toothache, etc. The veterinarian can diagnose the cause of excessive tears and control the situation.每天清洁眼睛及眼部下方的毛发是控制沾污最有效的方法。首先应该剪掉被沾污的毛发，这些毛发剪掉后，每天用水或药水清洗该部位，防止进一步沾污。这些药水只能用在被沾污的毛发上，而不能用在眼睛上。
Daily cleaning of the eyes and hairs under the eyes is the most effective way to control contamination. First, you should cut off the contaminated hair and wash the area with water or medicine later every day to prevent further contamination. These potions can only be used on the contaminated hair area, not in the eyes.2、做好眼部的清理工作 Do a good eyes cleaning job
某些眼球大、泪腺分泌多的犬，常从眼内流出多量泪液，使得眼角下被毛变色，如北京犬、吉娃娃等，因此要经常检查犬的眼睛。当狗狗患上某些传染病，特别是患有眼病时，常引起眼睑红肿，眼角内存积有多量粘液或脓性分泌物，这时要对眼睛精心治疗和护理。方法是用2%硼酸棉球由眼内角向外轻轻擦拭，不能在眼睛上来回擦拭，一个棉球不够，可再换一个，直到将眼睛擦洗干净为止。擦洗完后，再给犬眼内滴入眼药水或眼药膏，以消除炎症。有些犬，如沙皮常因头部有过多的皱皮，而使其眼睫毛倒生，倒生的睫毛可刺激眼球，引起犬的视觉模糊、结膜发炎、角膜浑浊，对此应请兽医做手术。
Some dogs with large eyeballs and lacrimal glands, always secrete a large amount of tears, causing discoloration of the hairs under the corners of the eyes, such as Pekingese and Chihuahuas. Therefore, you should check the dog's eyes frequently. When a dog suffers from certain infectious diseases, especially eye diseases, it often causes the eyelids swelling, and a large amount of mucus or purulent secretions in the corners of the eyes. At this time, careful treatment and care of the eyes are necessary. The method is to use a 2% boric acid cotton ball to gently wipe from the inner corner of the eyes to the outside. No wiping back and forth on the eye. When one cotton ball is not enough, you should change another one until the eyes are cleaned. After scrubbing, drip eye drops or ointment to eliminate inflammation. Some dogs, such as Sharpei, with excessive wrinkled skins on their heads, can give rise to the inverted eyelashes that irritate the eyeballs to cause the blurred vision, inflammation of the conjunctiva and cloudy cornea so that you have to visit a veterinarian.狗狗流泪需要对症下药：Treat symptomatically for dog’s tear problems:
1、耳道感染。可以请医生诊断是何种原因造成耳道感染，再选择正确的治疗方式，切莫自行乱买耳药治疗，因而导致耳病出现抗药性，更难治疗耳朵方便的病情。当耳道疾病治疗完成之后，泪水也不再分泌旺盛，此时应该多少就会发现泪痕自动消失；
Ear canal infection. Ask your veterinarian to diagnose the cause of the ear canal infection and then choose the correct treatment method. Do not buy medicine at random, which leads to resistance to the ear disease and makes it harder to treat. If the ear canal disease is treated, at this time, you should find that the tear stains disappear automatically as dog’s tears no longer secrete vigorously.2、鼻泪管堵塞。一般来说，兽医会建议采用抗生素来进行治疗，再加上实行通畅鼻泪管的小手术，应该对此疾病会有所改善。此项治疗方法和次数会依照症状程度的不同，或许需要数回合疏通鼻泪管，才能达到解决鼻泪管堵塞的问题；
Obstruction of nasolacrimal duct. In general, the veterinarian will recommend the use of antibiotics and plus minor surgery to unblock the nasolacrimal duct. This treatment method and frequency will vary according to the degree of symptoms. It may take several rounds to clear the nasolacrimal duct to solve the obstruction problem;3、眼睑内翻。治疗眼睑内翻通常会实行手术解决这项问题；
Eyelid entropion. Operation is usually adopted to treat the eyelid entropion.4、泪腺炎。常见的方式是采用药物控制，治疗期得视情况严重程度，可能从五天至四周不等。
Dacryadenitis. The common way is drug therapy. The treatment period depends on the severity, which may vary from five days to four weeks.如果你的狗狗有轻微的泪痕，可以在日常饮食和护理中稍加注意减轻泪痕，推荐给宠物食用佩特宝鸭肉＆雪梨配方犬粮，鸭肉和雪梨都属于凉性食材，对清除狗狗泪痕有非常明显的作用。
If your dog only has slight tear stains, pay attention to the dog’s diet and daily care. PetaBol Duck & Pear recipe is recommended for your dog which is effective for removing dog’s tear stains as duck and pear are cool ingredients. -
宠物的口腔健康
Pet's Oral Health
口腔健康是宠物整体健康的重要组成部分，牙齿问题可能会导致其他健康问题，宠物的牙齿和牙龈应至少每年由兽医检查一次，排除牙齿问题的早期迹象，并保持宠物的口腔健康。
Dental health is a very important part of your pet’s overall health, and dental problems can cause, or be caused by, other health problems. Your pet’s teeth and gums should be checked at least once a year by your veterinarian to check for early signs of a problem and to keep your pet’s mouth healthy.如果你发现以下任何问题，请尽早检查宠物的牙齿：
Have your pet’s teeth checked sooner if you observe any of the following problems:口臭 Bad breath
牙齿断裂或松动 Broken or loose teeth
多生牙齿或乳牙滞留 Extra teeth or retained baby teeth
牙齿变色、形成牙垢 Teeth that are discolored or covered in tartar
非正常咀嚼、流口水、漏食 Abnormal chewing, drooling, or dropping food from the mouth
食欲下降、拒绝吃饭 Reduced appetite or refusal to eat
嘴巴或嘴巴周围疼痛 Pain in or around the mouth
嘴巴流血 Bleeding from the mouth
嘴巴周围出现肿胀 Swelling in the areas surrounding the mouth
有些宠物在患有牙齿问题时会变得易怒。宠物如果出现任何异常行为都应该尽快就医，在检查宠物的嘴巴时要小心，因为痛苦的动物可能会咬人。
Some pets become irritable when they have dental problems, and any changes in your pet’s behavior should prompt a visit to your veterinarian. Always be careful when evaluating your pet’s mouth, as a painful animal may bite.牙周病是狗和猫最常见的牙科病症。当你的宠物3岁时，很可能会有一些早期的牙周病迹象，如果没有采取有效的预防措施，随着宠物年龄增长，将会恶化。早期检测和治疗至关重要，因为晚期牙周病可能对你的宠物造成严重问题和疼痛。牙周病不仅影响宠物的嘴巴，与其他健康问题包括肾脏，肝脏和心脏肌肉变化都有联系。
Periodontal disease is the most common dental condition in dogs and cats – by the time your pet is 3 years old, he or she will very likely have some early evidences of periodontal disease, which will worsen as your pet grows older if effective preventive measures aren’t taken. Early detection and treatment are critical, because advanced periodontal disease can cause severe problems and pain for your pet. Periodontal disease doesn’t just affect your pet’s mouth. Other health problems found in association with periodontal disease include kidney, liver, and heart muscle changes.开始只是菌斑硬化成牙垢，通常可以很容易地看到和去除牙龈上方的牙垢，但牙龈下面的菌斑和牙垢是有害的，会感染和损伤颚骨和连接牙齿与颚骨的组织。牙周病分为0（正常）至4级（严重），牙周病的治疗需要彻底清洁牙齿，兽医会根据你的宠物的整体健康和牙齿健康状况提出建议，并为你提供可考虑的方案。
It starts with plaque that hardens into tartar. Tartar above the gumline can often easily be seen and removed, but plaque and tartar below the gumline is damaging and sets the stage for infection and damage to the jawbone and the tissues that connect the tooth to the jaw bone. Periodontal disease is graded on a scale of 0 (normal) to 4 (severe).The treatment of periodontal disease involves a thorough dental cleaning. Your veterinarian will make recommendations based on your pet’s overall health and the health of your pet’s teeth, and provide you with options to consider.在家能为宠物口腔健康做些什么？
What can I do at home for my pet’s oral health?预防宠物中最常见的口腔疾病包括经常去除牙齿上的牙菌斑和牙垢。 定期给宠物刷牙是保持牙齿健康的最有效的方法，这也会降低兽医定期进行牙齿清洁的需要频率，甚至都不用再去。每日刷牙是最好的，但并不现实，每周刷牙几次也是有效，大多数狗接受刷牙，但是猫可能需要更多的耐心，训练是很重要的。
Prevention of the most common oral diseases in pets consists of frequent removal of the dental plaque and tartar that forms on teeth that are not kept clean. Regularly brushing your pet’s teeth is the single most effective thing you can do to keep their teeth healthy and may reduce the frequency or even eliminate the need for periodic dental cleaning by your veterinarian. Daily brushing is best, but it’s not always possible and brushing several times a week can be effective. Most dogs accept brushing, but cats can be a bit more resistant – patience and training are important. -
猫咪掉毛的处理方法
Treatment Of Cat Hair Loss
猫咪掉毛怎么处理？家里的猫咪太容易掉毛，有时候会让宠物主非常尴尬，那么猫咪掉毛有什么处理方法呢？
How to deal with cat’s hair loss? Cats are too easy to shed hair, which sometimes make owners very embarrassed. Here are some the treatments for cats and owners.1、注意合理饮食。对于肠胃功能较弱的猫咪，应从调节肠胃入手，使用一些调理肠胃的药品或营养品，才能吸收好营养，保证猫咪毛发和身体的健康；
Have a reasonable diet. For cats with weak gastrointestinal function, you should start with gastrointestinal regulation. Some medicines or nutrients can promote the absorption of nutrients and ensure the health of the cat ’s hair and body;2、使用美毛产品。对于毛发很长的猫咪来说，平时吸收的营养很难达到养护毛发的需求，所以一定要额外使用美毛的营养品。美毛营养品中含有的微量元素能保证猫咪的毛发健康；
Use hair-beauty products. For cats with very long hair, the nutrients normally absorbed are difficult to meet the needs of hair care. Be sure to use extra hair-beauty nutriments which contain the trace elements to safeguard the health of the cat ’s hair;3、饮食多元均衡。对于食物单一而营养不良的猫咪来说，主人应学习更多知识，以猫粮作为猫咪的主食，并不是说猫咪只能吃猫粮，才能让猫咪的营养均衡；
Keep a diverse and balanced diet. For cats with malnutrition due to single food intakes, the owners should learn more about cat food. Taking cat food as the staple food does not mean that it’s enough to balance the nutrition of the cat;4、适量盐分摄取。主人应以低盐分的猫粮为猫咪的主食，不要给猫咪吃人吃的食物，若没有条件喂食猫粮的家庭，在制作猫食的时候，不要放盐和其他调味品，以保证猫咪饮食健康；
Intake salt at an appropriate amount. The owner should select the low-salt cat food as the staple for cats, not the foods of human. If there is no condition to feed formulated cat food, do not put salt and other condiments when cook meals to ensure the cat’s health;5、治疗对付猫癣。猫癣是非常顽固且感染性较强的皮肤病，所以如果家中出现病猫，一定要注意隔离猫咪，包括给猫咪梳毛的梳子也要分开使用，以免传染给其他猫咪；
Treatments for cat ringworm. Cat ringworm is a very stubborn and highly infectious skin disease. Once found, you must isolate the cat and also the comb it used, to avoid the spreading of ringworm to other cats;6、猫专用洗护用品。如果给猫咪洗澡时用的洗毛精不当，也一样会产生脱毛的现象，甚至比自然脱落更严重。因此，如果不想猫咪因为生皮肤病而掉毛的话，一定要使用专门的宠物浴液来给猫咪洗澡；
Exclusive cat wash supplies. The improper shampoo to wash your cat will also cause hair loss, which is even worse than natural shedding. Therefore, you must choose an exclusive liquid soap to bathe your cat to avoid skin diseases that cause hair shedding;7、经常梳理毛发。使用猫咪专用的毛刷，每天固定为它们梳理毛发，让自然脱落的毛都集中在刷子上，而不是让毛发纠结了以后满屋子乱跑，这样毛就不会散布在家具的缝隙中和空气中了；
Comb cat frequently. Use a special brush for cats to comb the hairs for them every day to collect the naturally fallen hairs on the brush, and prevent the hairs from tangling and running around the house, such as in the gaps of furniture and in the air.8、适当日晒运动。如果猫咪身体健康的话，掉毛的情况就会比较少一些。所以保持猫咪健康也是减少掉毛的重要方面，适当的晒太阳和运动，不仅能够让猫咪身体更健康，还能够起到杀菌的作用，有效减少掉毛。
Proper sun exposures and exercises. If the cat is healthy, the hair loss will be less. Therefore, keeping your cat healthy is also an important aspect of reducing hair loss. Proper sunbathes and exercises can not only make your cat healthier, but also have a sterilizing effect and effectively reduce hair loss. -
如何给小猫咪洗澡？
How To Bathe A Kitten?
猫咪是爱掉毛的，定期给猫咪洗澡不仅可以让他自身保持干净，还可以预防掉毛。但是对于宠物主人来说，如何给猫咪洗好澡呢？
Cats always shed hair everywhere. A regular bath will can keep them clean and also prevent hair loss. Then, how to bathe cats for pet owners?1、水温不能太低或太高，以不烫手为宜，室内保持温暖，防止猫咪着凉引起感冒；
The water temperature should not be too low or too high. It is advisable not hot for your hands. Keep the room warm to prevent the cat from catching a cold;2、所用的洗涤剂刺激性不能太大，以免刺激皮肤，为防止洗澡水进入眼睛，在洗澡前，把猫的眼睛滴上油性眼药水，以保护眼睛；
The detergent should not be too stimulating, so as not to irritate the skin. Drip cat's eyes with oily eye drops before bathing to prevent water from entering the eyes;3、对于长毛猫，洗澡前应将其被毛进行充分梳理，清除脱落的被毛，防止洗时造成纠结，以致要花费更多的时间进行整理；
For long-haired cats, the coat should be fully combed before bathing to remove the fallen hair, preventing tangles during washing. It takes more time to clean up;4、猫健康状态不佳时不宜洗澡。6月龄以内的小猫容易得病，一般不要洗澡，6月龄以上的猫洗澡次数也不宜太多，一般以每月1～2次为宜。因为皮肤的油脂，对皮肤和被毛具有保护作用，如果洗澡次数太多，油脂大量丧失，被毛就会变得粗糙、脆而无光泽，皮肤弹性下降，影响猫的美观，还可能成为皮肤炎症的诱因；
It is not advisable to take a bath when the cat is in poor health. Kittens within the first 6 months easy to get sick generally should not take a bath. Cats over the age of 6 months should not take too many baths. 1-2 times per month is good. As the oil of skin has a protective effect on the skin and the coat, too many bathes wash off the oil a lot, resulting in the rough and brittle coat and low-elasticity skin, affecting the appearance of the cat and causing skin inflammation;5、不要经常给猫咪洗澡。猫咪的毛上有一些很珍贵的保护油，以及一些微量元素。猫咪通过晒太阳，舔毛来清洁自己。一般来说，毛色亮丽、干净的猫咪比较健康，反之就有可能不健康；
Don't bathe cats often. There are some precious protective oils on the cat's hair, as well as some trace elements. Cats can clean themselves by basking in the sun and licking their hair. In general, cats with bright coats and clean colors are healthier, otherwise they may be unhealthy;6、洗澡时，注意不要让水灌入猫的耳朵内。洗后可用脱脂棉棒把猫的外耳道内的水吸干。猫的尾巴很容易弄脏，特别是公猫，从尾巴的根部排泄分泌物，尾巴经常沾有污垢。这种污垢是用水洗不掉的，可以用软毛牙刷沾着浴液来刷洗，然后再用温水冲洗干净。
When taking a bath, be careful not to pour water into the cat's ears and use a cotton swab to absorb the water in the external ear canal of the cat later. Cats' tails are easily soiled, especially male cats, as they excrete secretions from the roots of the tails and stain the tails with dirt. This kind of dirt can't be washed away with water. You can use a soft toothbrush with the bath liquid to wash and then rinse with warm water.
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Health Problems
健康问题
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怎样护理和照顾生病的猫咪？
How To Take Care Of Sick Cats?
猫一般都有较强的忍受病痛的能力，猫患病后常躲藏在幽静、暗淡的地方休息。因此主人应留心观察，及时发现病猫后，给予细心照料使之早日康复。病猫一般身体较虚弱，要尽可能减少病猫活动，将病猫安置在舒适、温暖(或凉爽)、安静的地方，让其充分休息;减少其消耗，保持体力，增强对疾病的抵抗力。
Cats generally have a strong ability to tolerate sickness. They often hide in quiet and dark places to rest after being sick. Therefore, the owner should pay attention to observe, and give careful care to cats in time if they are in sick. Sick cats are generally weak. Try to reduce the activities of them as much as possible. Place sick cats in a comfortable, warm (or cool), quiet place and let them rest fully to reduce their consumption and enhance their physical strength and the resistance to disease.猫患病后大多数都要影响到消化功能，常表现出食欲不振，甚至不吃不喝、呕吐、腹泻等症状。若不及时地给予易消化、营养丰富、美味可口的食物，特别是充足的饮水，可导致猫机体出现一系列功能紊乱、酸中毒、心力衰竭等现象。因此，加强对患病猫咪的饮食护理，首先要给予充足的饮水。饮水里少许放些食盐（100毫升水中加食盐0.9克），以维持猫体内水盐代谢的平衡。如果病猫不喝水，可用小橡皮球、塑料瓶或注射器灌服，但千万注意不宜操之过急，以防呛水。如果猫咪严重脱水则必须输液才能彻底解决问题。对消化系统疾病的猫咪应给予可口而且容易消化的流食，如蛋汤、肉汤、牛奶、米汤和糖水等。这些食物易消化，比较适宜于喂食生病的猫咪，但其中矿物质、维生素含量不高，故饲喂时应适当添加这些物质。
When a cat becomes sick, the digestive function is affected mostly, often showing signs of loss of appetite, or even refusal to drink or eat, vomiting and diarrhea. If you don't give digestible, nutritious, delicious food in time, especially enough water, it can cause a series of dysfunction, acidosis, heart failure and other phenomena in cat body. Therefore, taking on the diet care of sick cats, we must first give adequate drinking water. Put a little salt in the drinking water (0.9 g of salt in 100 ml of water) to maintain the balance of water and salt metabolism in the cat. If the sick cat doesn't drink water, use small rubber balls, plastic bottles or syringes fill with water. Be careful not to rush too much to prevent choking water. If the cat is severely dehydrated, transfusion should be adopted to completely solve the problem. Cats with digestive system diseases should be given tasty and easily digestible liquid foods, such as egg soup, broth, milk, rice soup and sugar water. These foods are easy to digest and are more suitable for sick cats, but the content of minerals and vitamins is not high. Please supplement these substances when feed your cat.猫咪生病时应注意的问题 Problems You Should Notice When Cats Are Sick
1、生病的猫咪和健康猫咪要隔离喂养，防止疾病传染。还有对病猫所有生活用品及家里进行消毒；
Sick cats and healthy cats should be fed in isolation to prevent disease transmission. Also disinfect all living supplies of sick cats and the homes;2、生病猫咪体质虚弱，要尽量减少运动，让它充分休息，保持体力，增强对疾病的抵抗力；
The sick cat is in a weak constitution. Try to reduce exercises as much as possible to maintain physical strength and enhance resistance to disease;3、猫咪患病时，多表现食欲不振或厌食，这是可以提供一些猫咪平时爱吃的食物，诱导它少吃多餐；
When a cat is sick, it often shows loss of appetite or anorexia. You can provide some foods that cats usually like and induce them to eat less amount each several time a day;4、新鲜饮水对猫咪的康复有很大帮助，如果猫咪不愿饮水，主人应用小勺或注射器耐心喂给，切莫过急，以免造成误咽。
Fresh drinking water is of great help to the cat's recovery. If the cat does not want to drink water, the owner should feed them patiently with a spoon or a syringe. Don't be too anxious to avoid swallowing.当然患病的猫应及早请宠物医生诊断、治疗，只有在积极治疗的基础上，加强营养管理和细心护理，才能有科于猫咪尽快地恢复健康。
Of course, a sick cat should be diagnosed and treated by a veterinarian as soon as possible. Only based on active treatments, nutrition management and careful nursing can restore the cat’s health ASAP. -
耳螨的认识以及治疗
Cognition And Treatment Of Ear Mites
耳螨是一种寄生在皮肤表面和外耳道的细小寄生虫，如果主人没有及时发现或是及时治疗，耳螨可导致猫咪耳朵发炎。耳螨很容易传染，如果你家中有一只猫咪感染耳螨，那么其他动物很可能不会幸免。
Ear mites are the tiny parasites parasitic on the skin surface and external auditory meatus. If the owner fails to detect or treat them in time, ear mites can cause cat’s ear inflammation. Ear mites are easy to infect so that if a cat in your house is infected, other animals may not be spared.感染耳螨的临床症状：
Clinical symptoms of ear mite infection:1、宠物经常搔耳和摇头；
Pets often scratch their ears and shake their heads;2、耳朵汇聚由外耳道皮脂腺分泌的蜡样物质（像磨碎的咖啡豆）；
Ears collect wax-like substances (like ground coffee beans) secreted by the sebaceous glands of the external auditory meatus;3、由耳螨唾液引起的刺激使外耳道红肿和发炎；
The saliva of ear mites irritate and make the external auditory meatus swollen and inflamed;4、经常抓痒和持续摇头能导致耳血肿和脸部变形。
Frequent scratching and shaking head can cause ear hematoma and facial deformation.耳螨的治疗：Treatment Of Ear Mites:
1、使用宠物专用的洗耳水彻底清洁耳道，然后滴入治疗用耳药水，在耳外侧揉几下,使药均匀分布在耳内，一日2-3次。耳螨是一种较顽固的病，需要连续用药20天以上，直至痊愈；
Thoroughly clean the ear canal with specified ear-washing water, then drip the ear drops and rub on the outside of the ear a few times to make the medicine evenly distributed in the ear. 2-3 times a day. Ear mites as a more stubborn disease requires continuous medication for more than 20 days until they are cured;2、同一家居所有受影响的宠物必须同时治疗，以减少互相感染的机会；
All affected pets in the same home must be treated at the same time to reduce the chance of mutual infection;3、清洁耳道时，务必使用止血钳和药棉制作棉花棒，千万不要使用棉签，因为棉签的棒子太硬了，会使耳道的上皮细胞受损，而可能造成以后的细菌感染，进而变成耳炎。或可能戳到耳鼓，导致內耳受伤。另外棉签也会把耳垢往耳道里面推，塞住耳道，影响治疗；
When cleaning the ear canal, be sure to use hemostatic forceps and cotton wool to make cotton buds. Never use made-up cotton swabs because the swab stick is too hard, which will damage the ear canal epithelial cells and may cause future bacterial infections which may turns into otitis later. Or it may poke the ear drum, injuring the inner ear. In addition, the cotton swab will also push the earwax into the ear canal, plug the ear canal and affect the treatment;4、制作棉花棒的方法：准备一支小号的止血钳，然后依耳道的大小选择药棉的用量，使用止血钳卷成棉花棒来清耳朵，卷的要点是将药棉铺平，用止血钳的末端夹住药棉的“一小部分”，然后旋转，将棉花转成条状。卷起來的形状是长条状，并且粗细要适中，同时条状的前端要长一点，可以更深入耳道将耳垢清干净，同时因为前端是呈软性的，所以不会伤害到耳道；
The method of DIY cotton buds: prepare a small hemostatic forceps, and then choose the amount of cotton wool according to the size of the ear canal. Smooth out the cotton wool, use the end of the forceps to clamp a small portion of cotton wool, and then rotate the cotton into a strip. The shape of the roll is long, and in the moderate thickness. Use the hemostatic forceps to roll into cotton swabs to clear the ears. At the same time, the front end of the strip should be longer so that it can go deeper into the ear canal to clean the earwax. At the same time, the soft front end will not hurt the ear canal;5、清耳朵的要点：先将洗耳水倒入耳道中，然后用一只手将耳朵提起不让洗耳水流出，另一只手按摩耳道，让洗耳水和耳垢充分作用，然后用卷好的棉花棒清耳朵，可反复清洁几次。然后滴入治疗用耳药水，并按摩耳朵，滴入的方法及手势同滴洗耳水的方法；
The main point of ear cleaning: first pour ear washing water into the ear canal, then lift the ear with one hand to prevent the water from flowing out, and massage the ear canal with the other hand to allow the water and earwax to fully function. Then clean pet’s ears with a rolled cotton bud. Clean several times, and then drip the ear drops for treatment and massage the ears, just like the method of dropping ear-washing water;6、双氧水是一种强氧化剂，有刺激性，在医疗上通常用于腐烂的创伤或脓性创口，可用于化脓性外耳道炎和中耳炎。猫的耳道比较娇嫩，当耳道内没有炎症时，最好不要使用。
Hydrogen peroxide is a strong irritating oxidant, and is usually used for rotting or purulent wounds as a medical treatment, and also can be used for suppurative external auditory canal and otitis media. Cats' ear canals are relatively delicate. It is best not to use hydrogen peroxide when there is no inflammation in the ear canals. -
引起狗狗大便臭的原因有哪些？
What Are Causes Of Dog's Smelly Stool?
一般正常的狗狗所拉的便便呈较硬的条状，而且臭味不是特别重。所以如果发现狗狗的便便突然变臭或者不成形，那么我们就要留意一下，观察一下最近狗狗的状态如何，看它是否有生病的症状，当然导致狗狗便便变臭的原因不单单是生病的关系，因此我们要知道引起狗狗便便臭的原因有哪些。
The normal dog poop is hard in strip shape and without heavy odor. If your dog’s stools suddenly becomes smelly or unshaped, you have to observe the recent condition of the dog to check if there are any symptoms of illness. As sickness is not the only reason that cause smelly stool, we need to find out the exact reason.狗狗的粪便臭味重和肠胃健康关系重大，很多疾病都是从肠胃开始有反应的，比如狗蛔虫症、滴虫病、胃炎等等。在狗狗遇到疾病的时候，其自身免疫系统也会发挥作用，多有腹泻、粪便恶臭等。基本上，腹泻就是为了尽快将体内的有毒有害物质排出体外的一种身体防御反应。宠物狗发生腹泻时，会导致它们大量缺水，这时不宜再继续喂一般的狗粮，而是应当大量补充水分，或可在狗粮中加入适量葡萄糖。腹泻分为急性腹泻和慢性腹泻，前者更可能是病毒感染引起的肠炎，必须立即送到宠物医院治疗，最好及时把狗狗的粪便收集送给医生进行检查，找出原因，对症治疗。
The odor of the dog's feces is related with the gastrointestinal health. Many diseases such as ascariasis, trichomoniasis and gastritis, start to respond from the gastrointestinal tract. When a dog is in ill, its immune system will also play a role and have some responds, mostly diarrhea, fecal malodor and so on. Basically, diarrhea is a body defense reaction to expel toxic and harmful substances from the body as quickly as possible. Dogs’ diarrhea will cause a lot of water shortage. At this time, it is not appropriate to continue to feed normal dog food. Instead, a large amount of water should be given, or an appropriate amount of glucose can be added to the dog food. Diarrhea is divided into acute diarrhea and chronic diarrhea. The former is more likely to be caused by enteritis caused by viral infection. The pet must be sent to a hospital immediately. Collect the feces and take to hospital for checking to find out the exact reason and treatment.狗狗的排便还会遇到另一个问题，那就是便秘，当狗狗的肠道无法正常工作时，它们会表现得很难受，没有精神，食欲降低，粪便臭味也会增重。这时要多给宠物补充水分，在狗粮中增加一些粗粮谷类食物，帮助其消化。
Dogs will also encounter another problem, that is, constipation. When the intestines do not work properly, the dog will lack energy, have no appetite and shit smelly feces. At this time, it is necessary to give more water to the dog, and add some coarse grains to the dog food to improve its digestion.可见身体原因以及饲养原因都会导致狗狗的便便比较臭，如果发现狗狗的臭味是一种腥臭味的话那就更要引起注意，因为这很可能是由细小所引起的，因此当发现狗狗的便便变臭时，应该要多重视一下。
It can be seen that the physical condition and feeding method will cause the dog's stool to be smelly. If you find that the dog's odor is a fishy smell, you should pay more attention because it is likely to be caused by the canine parvovirus. If the dog's stool becomes smelly, more attention should be paid. -
常见的狗狗肠胃问题
Common Stomach Problems Of Dogs
狗狗消化食物的能力非常强，它的胃呈不规则梨型，胃液中盐酸的含量高达0.4% - 0.6%，盐酸能使蛋白质膨胀，便于分解消化。因此，狗狗对高蛋白食物的消化能力很强，这也是食肉动物的本性。
Dog’s stomach is in irregular pear shape and very strong to digest food as the content of hydrochloric acids in gastric juice is as high as 0.4%-0.6% which can swell, decompose and digest the proteins. Therefore, dogs have a strong ability to digest high-protein foods, which is also the nature of carnivores.狗狗在进食后 5-7 小时就可能将胃中的食物全部排空，要比其他草食或是杂食动物快许多，而且狗狗的胃容量较大，而相对消化道比较短，食物在胃内开始消化，但多数的食物还是在肠道里进行的。狗狗的肠壁厚，吸收能力也是比较强的。
Dogs may empty their stomachs in 5-7 hours after eating, which is much faster than other grass-fed or omnivorous animals. Even though the stomach capacity of dogs is large, the digestive tract is relatively short so that the food in the stomach start to digest, but most food is still in the intestines. Dogs have thick intestinal walls with strong absorption capacity.狗狗在长期与人类的共同生活中，虽然已逐渐变得适应人类的生活习惯，但有些食物对狗狗来说仍然是不合适吃的，对此宠物主们应有所了解。
In the long-term cohabitation life with humans, dogs have gradually become adaptable to human life habits. However, some foods are still not suitable for dogs that the owners should be aware of.1、虾、蟹、墨鱼、章鱼、海蜇等狗狗吃了容易引起消化不良；
Shrimp, crab, cuttlefish, octopus, jellyfish and others that easily cause dogs’ indigestion after eating;2、鸡骨不要喂给狗狗吃。鸡骨比较脆，咬碎后变成小片，而小片的尖端特别锋利，狗狗吞下后容易划伤胃和肠；
No chicken bones. The chicken bones are relatively brittle and become small pieces after being crushed. Due to the particular sharp tips of the small pieces, dog’s stomach and intestines are scratched easily after swallowing;3、花椰菜，是会造成狗狗腹泻的食物；
Cauliflower can cause diarrhea in dogs;4、蚕豆、大豆等含生物碱且食后易胀气；
Broad beans and soybeans contain alkaloids and easily lead to flatulence after eating;5、杏仁果、瓜子、芝麻、坚果类，狗狗也不易消化；
Almond, melon seeds, sesame and nuts are not easy to digest;6、咖啡、茶、巧克力等含有神经心脏肠胃毒；
Coffee, tea, chocolate, etc. contain toxicity to the nerve, heart and stomach;7、杏仁、桃子、野霉、苦瓜、李子类、梅子类、洋菇，使用过量能导致下痢，呕吐，下腹疼痛；
Almond, peach, wild berry, bitter gourd, plums, mushrooms, can cause diarrhea, vomiting, lower abdominal pain after excessive intake;8、高油脂会增加消化系统的工作量，有些特殊的品种，如雪纳瑞、腊肠犬，很容易因为高油脂的食物诱发胰脏炎。
High fats will increase the workload of the digestive system. Some special breeds, such as Schnauzer and Dachshund, can easily have pancreatitis due to high fat foods.狗狗肠胃不适的原因：Causes Of Gastrointestinal Discomfort In Dogs:
1、吃得太多。狗狗是很耐饿的动物，所以要是吃的东西过多反而会引起狗狗的不适，产生呕吐现象。在狗狗呕吐的时候要观察呕吐物的状态，如果是泡沫状且很粘，大多数是食道的问题。必要的时候可以弄些样本到医院化验一下；
Eat too much. Dogs are very resistant to hunger. Too much intakes will cause discomfort and vomiting. Observe the state of the vomit. If it is foamy and sticky, mostly it is esophageal problem. If necessary, you can get some samples to the hospital for testing;2、反刍。狗狗也会有反刍的现象，那是因为狗狗吃东西一般都是采用吞咽的方式，不会仔细咀嚼，所以会把吃进去的食物吐出来，而后马上又吃回去。这样的呕吐属于生理性呕，家长们不必惊慌；
Rumination. Dogs can also have rumination. That's because dogs generally eat by swallowing and don't chew carefully so that they spit out the foods from stomach and then eat back immediately. You can feed eased as this kind of vomiting is physiological;3、急性胃炎。如果狗狗呕吐后呕吐物呈透明和白色状，表示呕吐出的是胃液，这类呕吐是急性胃炎的情况最为常见。狗狗吐完以后没有其他的症状，不用担心，禁食12小时就可以了，如果还有其他的反应就要去医院进行全面化验；
Acute gastritis. If your dog's vomit is transparent and white, it means that the vomiting is gastric juice, which is the most common case of acute gastritis. If there are no other symptoms after dog’s vomits, you can bear no worries. Fast your dog for 12 hours. If there are other reactions, visit the hospital for a comprehensive test;4、胃肠道溃疡。如果狗狗呕吐物呈黄绿色，代表的是胆汁，出现这样的情况就要看医生了。吐出胆汁出现的问题就很多了，不能从表面就能判断出的，除了肝肾胰等问题以外，也可能是胃肠道溃疡问题；
Gastrointestinal ulcers. If your dog's vomit is yellow-green, it is bile and you should visit a doctor if this happens. There are many reasons which can not be judged from the surface. Except the liver, kidney and pancreas problems, it may also be gastrointestinal ulcer;5、饮食。狗狗肠胃问题肯定是饮食有关系的。吃得肉太多或是油腻的食物，狗狗的便便容易稀软，吃了骨头便便容易干硬，水果和蔬菜容易引起狗狗拉稀，以狗粮为主的饮食对狗狗比较健康。但是狗粮也分许多种，有的营养成份差，长期只吃这种狗粮，有可能引起它在某一方面的营养缺乏，建议给狗狗选购好一些的狗粮。
Diet Problem. The gastrointestinal problems of dogs are definitely related with the diets. Too much intakes or greasy foods will tend to soften dog's stools. If dog eat bones, the stools will become harder. Fruits and vegetables will easily cause your dog's diarrhea. A diet based on formulated dog food is healthier for dogs. However, there are many kinds of dog foods. Some of them have poor nutritional ingredients, which may cause a lack of nutrition in some aspects if your dog eat for a long time. It is recommended to buy a better dog food for dogs.肠胃不适常见症状及应对 Common symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort and treatments：
1、腹泻和呕吐在狗狗中比较常见。腹泻是由于肠蠕动加速，肠粘膜分泌增加和吸收障碍所致，多见于肠道疾病，腹泻以排出不成形或液状粪便为特征，是多种疾病的症状。狗狗出现腹泻常引起脱水，所以发现病症时要尽早治疗；
Diarrhea and vomiting are common problems of dogs. Diarrhea is caused by the accelerated intestinal peristalsis, increased secretion of intestinal mucosa and absorption disorders. It is more common in intestinal diseases, characterized by the unshaped or liquid stools. It is also a symptom of many diseases. Diarrhea of dogs often causes dehydration and should be treated as soon as possible;2、狗狗是很容易呕吐的动物，狗宝宝表现更为突出，狗宝宝在饮食过饱或吃到异味刺激性的东西时会出现呕吐，呕吐也是他们自我保护的现象，有时他们会有意识地外出寻找野草吞食，促使胃中东西吐出。针对呕吐和腹泻，除一般的治疗方法如补充生理盐水、抗生素治疗外，对狗狗的饮食也要格外用心，少食多餐易消化的食物；
Dogs are easy to vomit, especially for puppies. Puppies will vomit when they are overeating or eating something that is pungent. Vomit is also a phenomenon of self-protection. Sometimes they consciously go out looking for wild grass to swallow and spit out something in the stomach. For vomit and diarrhea, the general treatments include supplementation with saline and antibiotics. Be extra careful with dog’s diet. Choose more digestible food and feed smaller amounts several times a day.3、造成狗狗出现肠胃不适的因素有很多，例如当狗狗在外出散步和游戏时，常有机会不小心食入暴露在环境中的虫卵，这些虫卵会寄生在狗狗体内，或是狗狗误食变霉变腐食品，不小心吞食异物，长期使用抗生素，肠道内菌群失调、有害菌增多，肠道感染或营养不良等都可导致肠胃不适；
There are many factors that cause dogs’ gastrointestinal discomfort. For example, when go out for walks and games, they often accidentally ingest eggs exposed in the environment which will parasitize in dogs’ body. Dogs may accidentally eat moldy and rotten foods, or swallow foreign bodies. Moreover, long-term use of antibiotics, imbalance of intestinal floras, increase of harmful bacteria, intestinal infection or malnutrition can cause gastrointestinal discomfort;4、少食多餐对于狗狗来说是很重要的。一次喂太多，会一下子增加狗狗胃的负担，容易引起消化不良、呕吐。如果有条件的话成犬一天喂两次，5个月以前的一天吃三次，如果不能保证按时给狗狗喂饭，也要控制每一次的量，不能把一天的食物一次都给它，让它饿一点儿比吃得撑撑的对于它的肠胃更好。家长们要注意的是尽量少喂干硬的食物，对于肠胃不好的狗狗来说是很难消化的。
Smaller amounts several times a day is very important for dogs. Feeding too much once will suddenly increase the burden on the dog's stomach, easily causing indigestion and vomiting. If possible, feed adult dogs twice a day and three times a day during the first 5 months. If you can’t feed your dog on time, you must control the amount of each meal. Never give it all the food of the day. Being hungry is better for dog’s intestines and stomachs than overeating. Parents should pay attention to feeding hard food as little as possible, which is difficult to digest for dogs with poor stomach.
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Behavioral Activities
行动活动
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猫咪的常见行为有哪些？
What Are The Common Behaviors Of Cat?
多数动物都有些比较特殊的动作，而这些动作都是以前遗留下来的一些习性，所以是比较正常的，所以当宠物主看到某些奇怪的行为时并不用太过惊讶，如果没有什么不良影响，不用去阻止。
Most animals have some special movements,which are the habits left over from the past. It is relatively normal. If the pet owner sees some strange behaviors, don’t be too surprised or try to stop, if there is no adverse effect.一、猫咪爱洗脸 Cats love to wash their faces
1、清洁脸部的重要性 The importance of cleansing face
猫咪洗脸不但可以清洁皮肤，也可以恢复胡子这个重要的触觉灵敏度，也因此猫咪洗脸就会非常的认真，胡子对它们而言是相当重要的器官；
Face washing of cat can not only clean the skin, but also restore the important tactile sensitivity of the beard. Therefore, cats will wash their faces seriously as beards are very important organs for them;2、能够保持灵敏 Ability to remain sensitive
猫咪用爪子抓脸的地方都是面神经的比较敏感的区域，因此会有一定保健身体的功效，这就可以比做猫咪在帮自己的脸做按摩，因此对于面神经还有保持感觉的灵敏度是非常有帮助的；
Cats use their paws to grab their faces, where are relatively sensitive areas of facial nerves. It will have some health care effects. This can be seemed that cats do massages for their faces, which is helpful for the sensitivity to facial nerves;4、猫咪天性爱干净 Cats are born to like cleanliness
猫咪本身就是比较爱干净的动物，这与它们长期在野外生存有关，在野外生存为了避免猎物跟踪，就须随时保持清洁，不让身上有任何其它的气味，清洗脸部也是如此，都是为了避开危险。另外猫咪在洗脸的时候，会用前脚沾唾液清洗，而这些唾液碰到被毛可以溶解内部的维生素D，吃进嘴里会因阳光紫外线的刺激，使猫咪皮肤产生维生素D，因此舔皮毛可补充维生素D；
Cats are relatively clean animals, which is related to their long-term survival in the wild. In order to avoid prey tracking, they must keep clean at all times and do not allow any other smells on their bodies. Avoiding danger is the reason for washing the face. In addition, when the cat is washing its face, it will use his front feet to wash with saliva. When the saliva touches the coat, it can dissolve the vitamin D inside. If it is eaten into the mouth, the sun ultraviolet rays will stimulate the cat’s skin to produce vitamin D. Therefore, licking their coat can supplement Vitamin D;二、猫咪喜欢钻缝隙 Cats like to drill into cracks
1、天性促使 Instinct
猫咪的筋骨很软，因此当它们在野外求生存时，为了自保会躲到树洞里或是石洞里，来避免大型敌人的攻击，而这样的身子也能方便它们抓取小只的猎物或寻找食物等等功效。尽管现在的猫咪都被当宠物养，但它们爱钻缝隙的习惯还是没改变，像是门缝隙小的空间或是空盒子会引发它们的兴趣，一旦狭小的空间是舒服的就会喜欢待在那睡觉；
With soft physique, the cats will hide in tree holes or stone caves to protect themselves from large-scale enemy attacks when they survive in the wild and such an agile body can also facilitate them to grab small prey or look for food. Although cats are now kept as pets, their habits of drilling gaps have not changed. Spaces with small gaps or empty boxes will spark their interest and they will like to stay there and sleep if the small space is comfortable.2、猫咪是安全主义者 Cats are holder of securityism
猫咪属于安全主义者，尤其是在自己还没被人们宠爱之前，会更加的保护自己，以避免其他动物的攻击行为，所以我们常常会看到猫咪放着大大的床不睡，反而喜欢躲到不起眼的角落，或是钻到一些盒子里面；
Cats are securityists, especially before they are loved by people. They will protect themselves more to avoid the aggressive behaviors of other animals. That’s why we often see cats not lying in big beds, but hiding in the inconspicuous corners, or drilling into some boxes;三、爱咬纺织品 Love biting textiles
1、大多数的猫咪都会有这样的习惯，也许把纺织品含在嘴里对牠们来说是一种安慰，而且以前猫咪通常都是以老鼠这种毛绒动物为食物，所以看到毛线线团这些物品时会本能地产生兴趣；
Most cats will have this habit, and it may be a comfort for them to hold textiles in their mouths. In the past, cats usually took stuffed animals such as mice as food. These roll wool will spark cat’s instinct interest if they see;2、提前断奶的猫咪 Pre-weaning cat
这样的行为对于提前断奶的猫似乎是普遍的，虽然不能肯定两者之间的关联是一定的，但大多都有这样的现象，而误食纺织品过多时，就会导致猫咪严重的消化方面疾病；
This behavior seems to be common for pre-weaning cats. Although it is not certain that there's a definite link between the two, it just so happens. When the textiles are eaten too much, it will cause serious digestive diseases ;3、要防止误食的情况 Prevent accidental ingestion
我们平时可以给猫咪玩耍线团，但是要防止猫咪吞食，如果教育已经起不到作用了，那么就要考虑是否是异食癖所导致的。这时就需要借由药物来治疗了，当主人发现猫咪有这样的习惯时，首先是尽早地让其改正。
We can usually allow the cats play with clews, but prevent cats from swallowing. If training is no longer effective, you must consider whether it is caused by allotriophagia. At this time, it is necessary to use drugs. When the owner finds that the cat has such a habit, the first thing is to correct it as soon as possible. -
猫咪表达爱意的五种方式
Five Ways Cats Express Love
与猫咪相处久了就会懂得猫咪每个表情以及每个动作的意思，那么，猫咪是如何表达对主人的爱呢？
After getting along with cats for a long time, you will understand the meaning of each expression and action of the cat. So, how does a cat express love to its owner?1、温柔地眯着眼睛盯着你并缓慢眨眼睛 Gently squint at you and blink slowly
猫咪是懂礼貌的动物，它们认为瞪着眼睛盯着人看是不礼貌的，是一种挑衅，因此它们会眯着眼睛看人以示礼貌。而当猫咪温柔的眯着眼睛盯着你并轻轻的缓慢的眨眼睛的时候，则表示对你的喜欢；
Cats are polite animals. They think it is not polite to stare at people. They will squint at people to show politeness. When the cat is squinting gently at you and blinking slowly, it means it likes you;2、用头蹭你并用尾巴勾你 Rub you with its head and hook you with its tail
猫咪用头顶或脸颊或身体蹭你，并用尾巴勾你，是猫咪表示好感的最常见方法，这样做是想在你身上留下它的气味，以宣示它对你的主权，猫咪如果不爱你，就不会向别人宣示：“他/她是我的！”；
Rubbing you with the the head or cheeks or body, and hooking you with their tails, is the most common way for cats to express their affection. They want to leave its smell on you to declare its sovereignty over you by this way. If they don't love you, they will not announce to others: "He / she is mine!";3、模拟小猫吃奶的样子在你身上踩奶 Simulate the sucking appearance of kittens and press on you
踩奶是幼猫对妈妈的专属回忆，通过模拟吃奶时代踩奶的动作表明认可你是它最亲密的人，它能在你的怀里变成最天真烂漫最无抵抗能力的样子；
Paw press on breast is the exclusive memories of kittens to their mothers. By simulating the action during the puppy period, it is recognized that you are the closest person to it, and it can become the most innocent and most resistant in your arms;4、替你“舔毛” Lick your hairs
“跟你铁才帮你的哦”，台湾漫画家秒卡卡的漫画《猫奴契约书》里有这么一副漫画，讲述的就是猫咪帮主人“舔舔”，的确是这样，猫咪觉得是你是“自己人”的时候才会帮忙舔毛，因此，经常被舔的主人偷着乐去吧；
"I will help you only we are in good relationship". There is such a cartoon in the comic "Cat Slave Book" of the Taiwanese cartoonist Sekaka, which tells a cat to "lick and lick" the owner. It is indeed that the cats will lick your hairs if they think you are the family. The master who is often licked should feel honor about that;5、舔你摸过的地方 Lick the places you touched
很多人搞不懂自己猫咪的这个行为，觉得，为啥我摸摸它就要赶紧梳理？其实它在用这种行为把你的气味细细的“品尝”，牢牢地记住，这种气味人们察觉不到，但是灵敏的猫咪却能闻得到记得住的哦，它是想把你的味道和自己融入在一起呢。
Many people don't understand this behavior of their cats. Why the cat hurry and sort out the place they have just touched? In fact, they are "tasting" your scent carefully, remembering that this scent is not perceivable by people, but the sensitive cat can smell and remember it. They are blending the taste of you with themself.当猫咪用以上五种方式对待你，你应该开心有一只深深爱你的宝贝猫咪。
When the cat treats you in the above five ways, you should be happy to have a cat who loves you deeply. -
狗狗一天多少运动量合适？
How Much Exercise Is Proper For Dog Daily?
我们通常认为运动只是一个健康问题，但运动对狗狗的日常行为也有很大的影响。狗狗，特别是幼犬和年轻的犬只，有大量的精力，如果这些精力没被释放掉，往往会造成破坏性的行为。如果你在为狗狗啃家具感到恼火，为你的狗狗狂叫而头痛，你的狗狗可能没有得到足够的锻炼。
We usually think that exercise is only a health problem, but exercises have a great influence on the daily behavior of dogs. Dogs, especially puppies and young dogs, have a lot of energy. If these energy are not released, they will often cause destructive behaviors. If you are annoyed by your dog's nibbling on furniture and the yelling, your dog may not get enough exercises.对于任何一只狗狗每天需要多少运动量，都没有明确的规定。不同的品种，不同的年龄，不同的身体状况，需要的运动量都不相同。像金毛、拉布拉多这类衔回猎犬，一天多次短时间高强度的运动，如奔跑或者衔回游戏可以让他得到很好的锻炼，并保持心情愉快。而泰迪、比熊一类小型犬，小区散步几圈运动量就足够了。即使是同一品种，需求也不同。精力充沛的8岁金毛犬，可能比温和安静的3岁金毛犬需要更多的运动。老年犬也需要去散步，只是强度要降低。
There is no clear rules on how much exercises a dog needs every day. The dogs of different breeds, different ages, different physical conditions require different amounts of exercises. Retrievers such as Golden Retriever and Labrador, need high-intensity short-time sports such as running or reentry games many times a day which can keep them in a good mood. For small breeds such as Teddy and Bichon, a few laps of strolling in the community is enough. Even for the same breed, the demands are different. An energetic 8-year-old golden retriever may require more exercises than a gentle and quiet 3-year-old golden retriever. Older dogs also need to go for a walk, but the intensity must be reduced.一般来说，大部分的狗狗每天需要30分钟到60分钟的运动量。
Generally speaking, most dogs need exercises of 30 to 60 minutes every day.当你停下来的时候，你的狗狗也气喘吁吁地慢下来了，说明它运动得差不多了。但这并不代表是足够的运动量，只能说是暂时它能承受的运动量。看看你的狗狗现在每天能做多少运动，如果明显不足，要慢慢增加，一定要慢慢来，运动的突然间增加可能会导致狗狗肌肉疼痛或者受伤。开始锻炼时，注意观察狗狗的状态，如果它又累又热，可以停下来休息会，给它少量的水，让它恢复过来，下一次尽量再慢些，等到它可以很好地适应这个强度，再慢慢增加。如果你的狗狗是幼犬，尽量避免在坚硬的水泥地或者大理石地板重复一些跑跳的动作，因为这些会对幼犬的骨骼和关节造成损伤。如果你的狗狗是年纪已经比较大了，需要一个温和的锻炼计划，除了散步外，经常游泳对狗狗的关节很有好处。
When you stopped, your dog also panted slowly. It means that it exercises almost. But this does not mean it is enough. Take a look at how much exercises your dog can do every day. If it is obviously insufficient, increase the amount slowly. Be sure to take it slowly. Sudden increase in exercises may cause muscle pain or injuries to dogs. When starting exercises, observe the status of the dog. If it is tired and hot, stop for a rest, feed a small amount of water to recover. Try to be slower next time until your dog can adapt well and then slowly increase. For a puppy, avoid repeating some running and jumping movements on the hard concrete or marble floor which will damage the puppy's bones and joints. For an older dog, you need a gentle exercise plan. In addition to walking, frequent swimming is good for dog's joints. -
泰迪总是吐舌头是不是生病了？
Is Teddy sick when he sticks his tongue out?
一般情况下狗狗吐舌头是正常的，泰迪犬身体汗腺并不发达，不能像人类一样通过流汗来降温，而是必需通过吐舌头来散热。所以常看到泰迪犬在天气热、运动完常常会有伸舌头、用力喘气、流出唾液的行为，这就是为了要帮助身体降温。但是狗狗若是总是吐舌头那就要注意了，吐舌头太过频繁一般要考虑到这几点：
Generally speaking, it is normal for a dog to stick out its tongue. Due to the under-developed sweat glands of teddy dogs, they cannot be cooled by sweating like humans. That’s why teddy dogs in hot weather often stick out its tongue, pant hard and drool after exercise to help the body cool down. However, if the dog always sticks out his tongue, you should notice and consider these points:1、太热了。天气太热，还是要帮泰迪犬做好防暑措施。除了中午大太阳减少外出、充足饮水、运动适量外，也可以帮狗狗修剪一下毛发，帮助降低热度；
It's too hot. You need to take heatstroke prevention measures for teddy dog. Except the reduction of going out at noon, drinking plenty of water, and exercising properly, you can also trim dog’s hairs to reduce heat;2、睡觉时吐舌头。有时泰迪犬在睡觉时也会吐舌头，这代表狗狗睡得很安稳，不用担心；
Stick tongue out while sleeping. Sometimes the teddy dog will stick out its tongue when sleeping. It’s just because the dog sleeps soundly;3、生病了。常常吐舌头、喘气，也有可能是生病了。泰迪犬在温度适当、饮水充足环境下，不会一直喘气吐舌头。先带狗狗到凉爽舒适的地方休息，给他充足饮水，并观察他的状态。若是持续吐舌头、精神不振、用力呼吸，就要快带去检查。
Be in sick. If teddy dogs stick tongue out and pant often, they may also be sick as teddy dogs won't pant and stick out their tongues when the temperature and the water is adequate. Take your dog to a cool and comfortable place to rest, give him plenty of water, and observe its condition. If it continue to stick out the tongue, lose energy, and breathe hard, you should take it for inspection.虽然有时候狗狗吐舌头是因为身体不适，但大部分时候狗狗是健康的，主人无需太担心，只要平时多加留意和加强护理，定期带狗狗检查，这对狗狗还是对主人都是有益的。
Although sometimes the dog sticks its tongue out because of physical discomfort, most of the time it is healthy. The owner does not need to worry too much, as long as you pays attention on and care for your dog, and regularly takes it to check, which is beneficial to the dog and the owner.
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